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1 launch stability
ркт. устойчивость на стартовом участкеEnglsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > launch stability
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2 stability
устойчивость; остойчивость ( гидросамолёта) ; стабильность ( пиротехнического состава) -
3 system
система; установка; устройство; ркт. комплекс"see to land" system — система посадки с визуальным приземлением
A.S.I. system — система указателя воздушной скорости
ablating heat-protection system — аблирующая [абляционная] система тепловой защиты
ablating heat-shield system — аблирующая [абляционная] система тепловой защиты
active attitude control system — ксм. активная система ориентации
aft-end rocket ignition system — система воспламенения заряда с задней части РДТТ [со стороны сопла]
aircraft response sensing system — система измерений параметров, характеризующих поведение ЛА
air-inlet bypass door system — дв. система перепуска воздуха на входе
antiaircraft guided missile system — ракетная система ПВО; зенитный ракетный комплекс
antiaircraft guided weapons system — ракетная система ПВО; зенитный ракетный комплекс
attenuated intercept satellite rendez-vous system — система безударного соединения спутников на орбите
attitude and azimuth reference system — система измерения или индикации углов тангажа, крена и азимута
automatic departure prevention system — система автоматического предотвращения сваливания или вращения после сваливания
automatic drift kick-off system — система автоматического устранения угла упреждения сноса (перед приземлением)
automatic hovering control system — верт. система автостабилизации на висении
automatic indicating feathering system — автоматическая система флюгирования с индикацией отказа (двигателя)
automatic mixture-ratio control system — система автоматического регулирования состава (топливной) смеси
automatic pitch control system — автомат тангажа; автоматическая система продольного управления [управления по каналу тангажа]
B.L.C. high-lift system — система управления пограничным слоем для повышения подъёмной силы (крыла)
backpack life support system — ксм. ранцевая система жизнеобеспечения
beam-rider (control, guidance) system — ркт. система наведения по лучу
biowaste electric propulsion system — электрический двигатель, работающий на биологических отходах
buddy (refueling, tank) system — (подвесная) автономная система дозаправки топливом в полете
closed(-circuit, -cycle) system — замкнутая система, система с замкнутым контуром или циклом; система с обратной связью
Cooper-Harper pilot rating system — система баллов оценки ЛА лётчиком по Куперу — Харперу
deployable aerodynamic deceleration system — развёртываемая (в атмосфере) аэродинамическая тормозная система
depressurize the fuel system — стравливать избыточное давление (воздуха, газа) в топливной системе
driver gas heating system — аэрд. система подогрева толкающего газа
dry sump (lubrication) system — дв. система смазки с сухим картером [отстойником]
electrically powered hydraulic system — электронасосная гидросистема (в отличие от гидросистемы с насосами, приводимыми от двигателя)
exponential control flare system — система выравнивания с экспоненциальным управлением (перед приземлением)
flywheel attitude control system — ксм. инерционная система ориентации
gas-ejection attitude control system — ксм. газоструйная система ориентация
gas-jet attitude control system — ксм. газоструйная система ориентация
ground proximity extraction system — система извлечения грузов из самолёта, пролетающего на уровне земли
hot-air balloon water recovery system — система спасения путем посадки на воду с помощью баллонов, наполняемых горячими газами
hypersonic air data entry system — система для оценки аэродинамики тела, входящего в атмосферу планеты с гиперзвуковой скоростью
igh-temperature fatigue test system — установка для испытаний на выносливость при высоких температурах
interceptor (directing, vectoring) system — система наведения перехватчиков
ion electrical propulsion system — ксм. ионная двигательная установка
isotope-heated catalytic oxidizer system — система каталитического окислителя с нагревом от изотопного источника
jet vane actuation system — ркт. система привода газового руля
laminar flow pumping system — система насосов [компрессоров] для ламинаризации обтекания
launching range safety system — система безопасности ракетного полигона; система обеспечения безопасности космодрома
leading edge slat system — система выдвижных [отклоняемых] предкрылков
low-altitude parachute extraction system — система беспосадочного десантирования грузов с малых высот с использованием вытяжных парашютов
magnetic attitude control system — ксм. магнитная система ориентации
magnetically slaved compass system — курсовая система с магнитной коррекцией, гироиндукционная курсовая система
mass-expulsion attitude control system — система ориентации за счёт истечения массы (газа, жидкости)
mass-motion attitude control system — ксм. система ориентации за счёт перемещения масс
mass-shifting attitude control system — ксм. система ориентации за счёт перемещения масс
monopropellant rocket propulsion system — двигательная установка с ЖРД на унитарном [однокомпонентном] топливе
nucleonic propellant gauging and utilization system — система измерения и регулирования подачи топлива с использованием радиоактивных изотопов
open(-circuit, -cycle) system — открытая [незамкнутая] система, система с незамкнутым контуром или циклом; система без обратной связи
plenum chamber burning system — дв. система сжигания топлива во втором контуре
positioning system for the landing gear — система регулирования высоты шасси (при стоянке самолёта на земле)
radar altimeter low-altitude control system — система управления на малых высотах с использованием радиовысотомера
radar system for unmanned cooperative rendezvous in space — радиолокационная система для обеспечения встречи (на орбите) беспилотных кооперируемых КЛА
range and orbit determination system — система определения дальностей [расстояний] и орбит
real-time telemetry processing system — система обработки радиотелеметрических данных в реальном масштабе времени
recuperative cycle regenerable carbon dioxide removal system — система удаления углекислого газа с регенерацией поглотителя, работающая по рекуперативному циклу
rendezvous beacon and command system — маячно-командная система обеспечения встречи («а орбите)
satellite automatic terminal rendezvous and coupling system — автоматическая система сближения и стыковки спутников на орбите
Schuler tuned inertial navigation system — система инерциальной навигации на принципе маятника Шулера
sodium superoxide carbon dioxide removal system — система удаления углекислого газа с помощью надперекиси натрия
space shuttle separation system — система разделения ступеней челночного воздушно-космического аппарата
stellar-monitored astroinertial navigation guidance system — астроинерциальная система навигации и управления с астрокоррекцией
terminal control landing system — система управления посадкой по траектории, связанной с выбранной точкой приземления
terminal descent control system — ксм. система управления на конечном этапе спуска [снижения]
terminal guidance system for a satellite rendezvous — система управления на конечном участке траектории встречи спутников
test cell flow system — ркт. система питания (двигателя) топливом в огневом боксе
vectored thrust (propulsion) system — силовая установка с подъёмно-маршевым двигателем [двигателями]
water to oxygen system — ксм. система добывания кислорода из воды
wind tunnel data acquisition system — система регистрации (и обработки) данных при испытаниях в аэродинамической трубе
— D system -
4 rate
1. (угловая) скорость; темп; частота; интенсивность; расход <газа, жидкости>; производная <напр. по времени>2. коэффициент; степень3. номинальная характеристика; паспортные данные4. норма; тариф5. оценка/ оцениватьсм. тж. raterate of change of the angle of attackrate of climbrate of fuel offloadrate of onsetrate of sinkrate of training accidentsacceleration rateaccident rateactuation rateactuator rateafterburning rateaircraft rateairspeed bleed ratealert rateangle rateangle-of-attack rateangular rateannual flying rateAOA ratearrival rateasymmetry-produced roll rateattained turn rateattitude rateattrition rateball screw output rateblowing ratebody ratebody axis ratebody axis ratesbody axis angular ratebody axis angular ratesbody-rotation ratebreak ratecabin descent ratecanard ratecannibalization rateCEP rateclimb rateconing ratecontrol ratecontrol input ratecontrol surface slew rateconvergence ratecooling ratecrack growth ratecrack propagation ratecyclic ratedamage ratedamage per hour ratedecay ratedeceleration ratedeflection ratedescent ratedeviation ratedrift rateEarth rotational rateenergy rateenergy release rateengine failure rateentry roll rateEuler angular ratesfailure ratefalse-alarm ratefastest turning ratefastest-climb ratefatigue ratefatigue damage ratefix rateflap rateflaperon rateflashing rateflight rateflight path rateflight path ratesflight path angular rateflight path angular ratesflight path pitch rateflying rateFOD ratefuel burn ratefull mission capability ratefull mission capable ratefull-power rate of climbg rateg onset rategrowth rategyro drift rateheading rateheart rateheartbeat rateheat transfer rateheating ratehigh-passed yaw rateinput rateinstantaneous turn ratelanding ratelaunch reliability ratelaunch success ratelifetime mishap ratelift-limited turn rateload rateloading ratemaintenance ratemaneuver ratemaneuvering ratemanual control ratemass flow ratematerial feed ratemetal removal ratemishap ratemission abort ratemission capable ratemission completion ratemission completion success ratemission loss ratemission reliability ratemission success ratenonmission capable for maintenance ratenonmission capable for supply ratenormalized ratenose-up rateon-time arrival rateoperating rateout-for-maintenance rateout-for-supply ratepilot input ratepitch ratepitch angular ratepointing ratepressure raterain raterainfall rateramp raterecovery surface raterefresh raterefueling ratereliability rateremoval raterepair raterigid body rateroll rateroll rate /lbroll rate per stick forceroll acceleration rateroll angular raterotation raterotational raterotor raterunway utilization ratesample ratesampling rateshop-visit rateshutdown ratesideslip ratesimulated roll ratesingle-engine rate of climbsingle-engined rate of climbsink rateslew ratesnapping ratesortie ratesortie generation ratespin ratespin yaw ratespring ratestabilator ratestability axis ratestability axis ratesstability axis angular ratestability axis angular ratesstick movement ratestrain ratestrain energy release ratestress ratesuccess ratesurface ratesurge sortie ratesustained turn ratethrust-limited turn ratetorsional spring ratetouchdown sink ratetransient turn ratetrim rateturn rateturning ratetwinkle-quick roll ratetwist rateutilization ratevolumetric flow ratewear ratewing sweep rateyaw rateyaw acceleration rateyaw angular rateyawing rateyawing angular rate -
5 characteristic
характеристика; характеристическая кривая; характерный параметр; характеристический; характерныйcollapsing characteristics of the gear — поведение [характеристики] шасси при поломке (в результате аварии, удара о землю)
explosive characteristics of fuel — взрывоопаспость топлива [горючего]
handling characteristics with autostabilization — характеристики управляемости (ЛА) с системой автостабилизации
handling characteristics without autostabilization — характеристики управляемости (ЛА) без системы автостабилизации
height control response characteristics — верт. характеристики управляемости по высоте
lift and drag characteristics — величины подъёмной силы и лобового сопротивления; зависимости подъёмной силы и лобового сопротивления
rough field handling characteristics — характеристики управляемости при движении по аэродрому с неровной поверхностью
s.f.c. characteristics — характеристики удельного расхода топлива [горючего]
Englsh-Russian aviation and space dictionary > characteristic
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6 talk
1. nразговор, беседа; pl переговорыmore peace talks are going to take place / getting underway / lie ahead — переговоры о мирном урегулировании будут продолжены
to be more flexible in the talks — проявлять бо́льшую гибкость на переговорах
to begin (the) talks — начинать / открывать переговоры
to bring a country into the talks between smb — вовлекать / подключать какую-л. страну к переговорам между кем-л.
to come to the talks empty-handed — приходить на переговоры с пустыми руками ( без новых предложений)
to complete / to conclude talks — завершать переговоры
to damage the talks — вредить / мешать / препятствовать переговорам, подрывать переговоры
to demand a prompt resumption of peace talks — требовать скорейшего возобновления переговоров о мире
to derail / to disrupt the talks — срывать переговоры
to dominate the two days of talks — быть главным вопросом на переговорах, которые продлятся два дня
to extend talks amid reports of smth — продлевать переговоры, в то время как поступают сообщения о чем-л.
to hamper the talks — вредить / мешать / препятствовать переговорам, подрывать переговоры
to have / to hold further / more talks with smb — проводить дальнейшие переговоры / продолжать переговоры с кем-л.
to hold talks at the request of smb — проводить переговоры по чьей-л. просьбе
to hold talks in an exceptionally warm atmosphere — вести переговоры в исключительно теплой атмосфере
to iron out difficulties in the talks — устранять трудности, возникшие в ходе переговоров
to maintain one's talks for 10 days — продолжать переговоры еще 10 дней
to make good / substantial progress at / in the talks — добиваться значительного / существенного успеха на переговорах
to make smb more flexible in the talks — заставлять кого-л. занять более гибкую позицию на переговорах
to obstruct the talks — вредить / мешать / препятствовать переговорам, подрывать переговоры
to offer unconditional talks to smb — предлагать кому-л. провести переговоры, не сопровождаемые никакими условиями
to open (the) talks — начинать / открывать переговоры
to push forward the talks — активизировать переговоры; давать толчок переговорам
to put the proposals to arms reduction talks — ставить предложения на рассмотрение участников переговоров о сокращении вооружений
to re-launch / to reopen talks — возобновлять переговоры
to restart / to resume talks — возобновлять переговоры
to resume talks after a lapse of 18 months — возобновлять переговоры после полуторагодового перерыва
to schedule talks — намечать / планировать переговоры
to start (the) talks — начинать / открывать переговоры
to steer a diplomatic course in one's talks — проводить дипломатическую линию на переговорах
to stymie the talks — вредить / мешать / препятствовать переговорам, подрывать переговоры
to torpedo the talks — вредить / мешать / препятствовать переговорам, подрывать переговоры
- accession talksto walk out of / to withdraw from talks — уходить с переговоров, отказываться от продолжения переговоров
- after a full day of talks
- ambassadorial talks
- ambassadorial-level talks
- another round of talks gets under way today
- arduous talks
- arms control talks
- arms talks
- backstage talks
- barren talks
- beneficial talks
- bilateral talks
- bittersweet talk
- border talks
- breakdown in talks
- breakdown of talks - businesslike talks
- by means of talks
- by talks
- call for fresh talks
- carefully prepared talks
- cease-fire talks
- CFE talks
- coalition talks
- collapsed talks
- completion of talks
- conduct of talks
- confidential talks
- confrontational talks
- constructive talks
- conventional arms control talks
- conventional forces in Europe talks
- conventional stability talks
- conventional talks
- conventional-force talk
- cordial talks
- crux of the talks
- current round of talks
- deadlocked talks
- delay in the talks
- detailed talks
- direct talks
- disarmament talks
- discreet talks
- disruption of talks
- divisive talks
- early talks
- election talk
- emergency talks
- equal talks
- Europe-wide talks
- exhaustive talks
- exploratory talks
- extensive talks
- face-to-face talks
- failure at the talks
- failure of the talks
- familiarization talks
- farewell talks
- final round of talks
- follow -up talks
- follow-on talks
- force-reduction talks
- formal talks
- forthcoming talks
- four-way talks
- frank talks
- fresh round of talks
- fresh talks
- friendly atmosphere in the talks
- friendly talks
- frosty talks
- fruitful talks
- fruitless talks
- full talks
- full-scale talks
- further talks
- get-to-know-you talks
- good-faith talks
- hard-going talks
- highest-level talks
- high-level talks
- in a follow-up to one's talks
- in the course of talks
- in the last round of the talks
- in the latest round of the talks
- in the talks
- inconclusive talks
- indirect talks
- industrial promotion talks
- informal talks
- intensive talks
- intercommunal talks
- interesting talks
- interparty talks
- last-ditch talks
- last-minute talks
- lengthy talks
- low-level talks
- make-or-break talks
- man-to-man talks
- marathon talks
- MBFR talks
- meaningful talks
- mediator in the talks
- membership talks
- ministerial talks
- more talks
- multilateral talks
- Mutual and Balanced Force Reduction talks
- news lockout during the talks
- no further talks are scheduled
- non-stop talks
- normalization talks
- nuclear and space arms talks
- observer at the talks
- offer of talks
- on-and-off talks
- Open Skies Talk
- open talks
- outcome of the talks
- pace of the talks
- participant in the talks
- parties at the talks
- pay talks
- peace talks
- pep talk
- political talks
- positive talks
- preliminary talks
- preparatory talks
- present at the talks are...
- pre-summit talks
- pre-talks
- prime-ministerial talks
- private talks
- productive talks
- profound talks
- programmatic talk
- proposed talks
- proximity talks
- rapid progress in talks
- rapprochement talks
- realistic talks
- renewal of talks
- resumed talks
- resumption of talks
- reunification talks - sales talks
- SALT
- scheduled talks
- secret talks
- security talks
- sensible talks
- separate talks
- serious talks
- session of the talks
- setback in the talks
- sincere talks
- stage-by-stage talks
- stormy talks
- Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
- Strategic Arms Reduction Talks
- substantial talks
- substantive talks
- successful progress of the talks
- summit talks
- talk was conducted in an atmosphere
- talk was held in an atmosphere
- talk will be dominated by the row which...
- talks about talk
- talks are alarmingly behind schedule
- talks are at a standstill
- talks are critical
- talks are deadlocked
- talks are due to resume
- talks are getting nowhere
- talks are going ahead
- talks are going well
- talks are heading for deadlock
- talks are in doubt
- talks are in high gear
- talks are in jeopardy
- talks are into their final day
- talks are not going fast enough
- talks are only a start
- talks are progressing at a snail's pace
- talks are progressing smoothly
- talks are progressing well
- talks are set to fail
- talks are stalemated
- talks are still on track
- talks are taking place in a constructive atmosphere
- talks are underway
- talks at a ministerial level
- talks at the highest level
- talks at the level of deputy foreign ministers
- talks between smb have run into last-minute difficulties
- talks between the two sides
- talks bogged down on smth
- talks broke down
- talks came to a standstill
- talks center on smth
- talks collapsed
- talks come at a time when...
- talks concentrate on
- talks dragged on for years
- talks ended in agreement
- talks ended in failure
- talks ended inconclusively
- talks ended without agreement
- talks failed to make any progress
- talks faltered on smth
- talks foundered on smth
- talks get underway
- talks go into a second day
- talks go on
- talks had a successful start
- talks had been momentous
- talks hang by a thread
- talks hang in the balance
- talks have been constructive and businesslike
- talks have broken up in failure
- talks have ended on an optimistic note
- talks have ended with little sign of agreement
- talks have ended with little sign of program
- talks have fallen through
- talks have got off to a friendly start
- talks have got off to a successful start
- talks have made little progress towards peace
- talks have never been closer to an agreement
- talks have reached deadlock
- talks have reopened
- talks have run into difficulties
- talks have run into trouble
- talks inch forward
- talks is burgeoning again about...
- talks made progress
- talks may continue into tomorrow
- talks may not get off the ground
- talks now under way
- talks of peace
- talks of procedural nature
- talks on a range of issues
- talks on conventional stability
- talks open
- talks overran by half an hour
- talks overshadowed by smth
- talks produced no results
- talks reconvene
- talks remain deadlocked
- talks restart
- talks resume
- talks stalled over the issue
- talks under the auspices of smb
- talks went into the small hours of the morning
- talks went late into the night
- talks went on late into the night
- talks went smoothly
- talks were due to start a month ago
- talks were not conclusive
- talks were suspended
- talks were warm, friendly and cordial
- talks will cover smth
- talks will focus on smth
- talks will go ahead
- talks will take place at the undersecretaries of foreign affairs level
- talks will yield an agreement
- talks with smb are not acceptable
- talks with the mediation of smb
- talks without preconditions
- talks would make little headway
- the agreement was signed at the end of 5 days of talks
- the area affected in the talks
- the outcome of the talks is not easy to predict
- the pace of the talks is slow
- the progress of the talks
- there was a sense of achievement at the end of the talks
- this problem will be at the heart of the talks
- those in the talks
- three days of talks have failed to make any tangible progress
- three-sided talks
- three-way talks
- too much talks and not enough action
- top-level talks
- touchstone of progress in the talks
- trade talks
- trilateral talks
- tripartite talks
- two-way talks
- umbrella peace talks
- unconditional talks
- United Nations-mediated talks
- United Nations-sponsored talks
- unity talks
- unofficial talk
- unproductive talks
- unscheduled talks
- useful talks
- walkout from the talks
- weighty talks
- wide range of talks
- wide-ranging talks
- workmanlike talks 2. vвести беседу, разговариватьto talk about smth — вести переговоры о чем-л.
to talk to smb direct — вести с кем-л. прямые переговоры
to talk to smb through a third party — вести переговоры с кем-л. через посредника
to talk tough — вести беседу / говорить резко
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7 SL
1) Общая лексика: single line diagrams, Second Life ( virtual alternative universe)2) Компьютерная техника: Source Statement Library3) Американизм: State Library4) Спорт: Sport Light, Sporting Lisbon, Starting Line5) Латинский язык: Sine Loco6) Военный термин: Sea Launch, Security Level, Sensitivity Level, Silenced Liberators, Slow Loader, Sniper Lords, Staged Loading, Steel And Lead, Strategic Logistics, System Layer, safety level, safety limit, sea landing, second lieutenant, section leader, service letter, shelf life, ship-launched, shoulder-launched, signal level, skill level, sound locator, squad leader, squadron, squadron leader, start line, stick leave, stock level, stock list, storage location, structures laboratory, sub-lieutenant, supplementary list, supplier letter, support line, surface launch7) Техника: Self Locking, Subscriber's Lines, satellite link, satellite-borne laser, semiclassical linearization theory, shrinkage limit, slew rate, slightly soluble, space laser, square-law, stationary low, straight-line depreciation8) Шутливое выражение: Spirit Lady9) Химия: Short Lived, ВК ( водорастворимый концентрат) (название препаративной формы согласно коду GIFAP)10) Математика: символическая логика (symbolic logic)11) Религия: Satan's Lovers12) Железнодорожный термин: Salt Lake City Southern Railroad, Short Line13) Фармакология: под язык14) Грубое выражение: Sexy Lady, Sexy Lookin, Slow Loser, Sucker Love15) Политика: Sierra Leone16) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Slovenia), Salvage Loss, Slovenian, Slovenian/Slovene, Soft Landing, Source Level, Space Launch, Space Launcher, SpaceLab, Streamlined (boat-tailed), safe locker, sand-loaded, sea level, slide, sliding, south latitude, sublingual17) Университет: Student Life, Student Loan, Swift Lecture18) Физика: Super Lattice19) Физиология: Sensation Level, Sensory Level20) Электроника: Specification Limit21) Вычислительная техника: Space Launch (Space), SpaceLab (Space)22) Нефть: liquid saturation, section line, sonic log, south line23) Транспорт: Same Lane, Spoiler Lover, Sport Luxury, Steam Locomotive, Superstar Limo24) Холодильная техника: suction line25) Экология: sea level observations26) СМИ: Scottish Lass, Small Letters, Spot Light27) Деловая лексика: Sold28) Бурение: южная граница (south line), южная линия (south line)29) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: scattering layer30) Образование: Supervised Learning31) Полимеры: space laboratory, straight line32) Программирование: Save Layout, Short Length, Source Language, Speak Language33) Сахалин Ю: steam low, steam low pressure (3-5 bar)34) Химическое оружие: site location35) Авиационная медицина: sluggishness36) Расширение файла: S-Lang language source code file37) SAP.тех. системный журнал38) Нефть и газ: scale low limit, seal liquid, seismic log, AL39) Алюминиевая промышленность: spent liquor40) Электротехника: separately leaded, stability limit41) Фантастика Sith Lord42) Должность: Service Learning, Skill Less, Software Laborer43) Чат: Scots Lass44) NYSE. S L Industries, Inc.45) Программное обеспечение: Second Life, Standard Library, System Library46) Единицы измерений: Step Length -
8 Sl
1) Общая лексика: single line diagrams, Second Life ( virtual alternative universe)2) Компьютерная техника: Source Statement Library3) Американизм: State Library4) Спорт: Sport Light, Sporting Lisbon, Starting Line5) Латинский язык: Sine Loco6) Военный термин: Sea Launch, Security Level, Sensitivity Level, Silenced Liberators, Slow Loader, Sniper Lords, Staged Loading, Steel And Lead, Strategic Logistics, System Layer, safety level, safety limit, sea landing, second lieutenant, section leader, service letter, shelf life, ship-launched, shoulder-launched, signal level, skill level, sound locator, squad leader, squadron, squadron leader, start line, stick leave, stock level, stock list, storage location, structures laboratory, sub-lieutenant, supplementary list, supplier letter, support line, surface launch7) Техника: Self Locking, Subscriber's Lines, satellite link, satellite-borne laser, semiclassical linearization theory, shrinkage limit, slew rate, slightly soluble, space laser, square-law, stationary low, straight-line depreciation8) Шутливое выражение: Spirit Lady9) Химия: Short Lived, ВК ( водорастворимый концентрат) (название препаративной формы согласно коду GIFAP)10) Математика: символическая логика (symbolic logic)11) Религия: Satan's Lovers12) Железнодорожный термин: Salt Lake City Southern Railroad, Short Line13) Фармакология: под язык14) Грубое выражение: Sexy Lady, Sexy Lookin, Slow Loser, Sucker Love15) Политика: Sierra Leone16) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Slovenia), Salvage Loss, Slovenian, Slovenian/Slovene, Soft Landing, Source Level, Space Launch, Space Launcher, SpaceLab, Streamlined (boat-tailed), safe locker, sand-loaded, sea level, slide, sliding, south latitude, sublingual17) Университет: Student Life, Student Loan, Swift Lecture18) Физика: Super Lattice19) Физиология: Sensation Level, Sensory Level20) Электроника: Specification Limit21) Вычислительная техника: Space Launch (Space), SpaceLab (Space)22) Нефть: liquid saturation, section line, sonic log, south line23) Транспорт: Same Lane, Spoiler Lover, Sport Luxury, Steam Locomotive, Superstar Limo24) Холодильная техника: suction line25) Экология: sea level observations26) СМИ: Scottish Lass, Small Letters, Spot Light27) Деловая лексика: Sold28) Бурение: южная граница (south line), южная линия (south line)29) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: scattering layer30) Образование: Supervised Learning31) Полимеры: space laboratory, straight line32) Программирование: Save Layout, Short Length, Source Language, Speak Language33) Сахалин Ю: steam low, steam low pressure (3-5 bar)34) Химическое оружие: site location35) Авиационная медицина: sluggishness36) Расширение файла: S-Lang language source code file37) SAP.тех. системный журнал38) Нефть и газ: scale low limit, seal liquid, seismic log, AL39) Алюминиевая промышленность: spent liquor40) Электротехника: separately leaded, stability limit41) Фантастика Sith Lord42) Должность: Service Learning, Skill Less, Software Laborer43) Чат: Scots Lass44) NYSE. S L Industries, Inc.45) Программное обеспечение: Second Life, Standard Library, System Library46) Единицы измерений: Step Length -
9 sl
1) Общая лексика: single line diagrams, Second Life ( virtual alternative universe)2) Компьютерная техника: Source Statement Library3) Американизм: State Library4) Спорт: Sport Light, Sporting Lisbon, Starting Line5) Латинский язык: Sine Loco6) Военный термин: Sea Launch, Security Level, Sensitivity Level, Silenced Liberators, Slow Loader, Sniper Lords, Staged Loading, Steel And Lead, Strategic Logistics, System Layer, safety level, safety limit, sea landing, second lieutenant, section leader, service letter, shelf life, ship-launched, shoulder-launched, signal level, skill level, sound locator, squad leader, squadron, squadron leader, start line, stick leave, stock level, stock list, storage location, structures laboratory, sub-lieutenant, supplementary list, supplier letter, support line, surface launch7) Техника: Self Locking, Subscriber's Lines, satellite link, satellite-borne laser, semiclassical linearization theory, shrinkage limit, slew rate, slightly soluble, space laser, square-law, stationary low, straight-line depreciation8) Шутливое выражение: Spirit Lady9) Химия: Short Lived, ВК ( водорастворимый концентрат) (название препаративной формы согласно коду GIFAP)10) Математика: символическая логика (symbolic logic)11) Религия: Satan's Lovers12) Железнодорожный термин: Salt Lake City Southern Railroad, Short Line13) Фармакология: под язык14) Грубое выражение: Sexy Lady, Sexy Lookin, Slow Loser, Sucker Love15) Политика: Sierra Leone16) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Slovenia), Salvage Loss, Slovenian, Slovenian/Slovene, Soft Landing, Source Level, Space Launch, Space Launcher, SpaceLab, Streamlined (boat-tailed), safe locker, sand-loaded, sea level, slide, sliding, south latitude, sublingual17) Университет: Student Life, Student Loan, Swift Lecture18) Физика: Super Lattice19) Физиология: Sensation Level, Sensory Level20) Электроника: Specification Limit21) Вычислительная техника: Space Launch (Space), SpaceLab (Space)22) Нефть: liquid saturation, section line, sonic log, south line23) Транспорт: Same Lane, Spoiler Lover, Sport Luxury, Steam Locomotive, Superstar Limo24) Холодильная техника: suction line25) Экология: sea level observations26) СМИ: Scottish Lass, Small Letters, Spot Light27) Деловая лексика: Sold28) Бурение: южная граница (south line), южная линия (south line)29) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: scattering layer30) Образование: Supervised Learning31) Полимеры: space laboratory, straight line32) Программирование: Save Layout, Short Length, Source Language, Speak Language33) Сахалин Ю: steam low, steam low pressure (3-5 bar)34) Химическое оружие: site location35) Авиационная медицина: sluggishness36) Расширение файла: S-Lang language source code file37) SAP.тех. системный журнал38) Нефть и газ: scale low limit, seal liquid, seismic log, AL39) Алюминиевая промышленность: spent liquor40) Электротехника: separately leaded, stability limit41) Фантастика Sith Lord42) Должность: Service Learning, Skill Less, Software Laborer43) Чат: Scots Lass44) NYSE. S L Industries, Inc.45) Программное обеспечение: Second Life, Standard Library, System Library46) Единицы измерений: Step Length -
10 analysis
анализ; расчёт; исследованиеballistic analysis of propellant — анализ баллистических свойств твёрдого ракетного топлива [пороха]
three-dimensional grain stress analysis — трёхмерный анализ напряжений в зарядах твёрдого ракетного топлива
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11 aircraft
1. (атмосферный) летательный аппарат [аппараты], воздушное судно [суда]; самолет(ы); вертолет(ы);см. тж. airplane,2. авиация/ авиационный; бортовой <об оборудовании ЛА>4-D aircraft4-D equipped aircraft9-g aircraftADF aircraftadvanced-technology aircraftadversary aircraftaerobatic aircraftaft-tail aircraftaggressor aircraftagile aircraftagricultural aircraftair defence aircraftair-refuellable aircraftair-to-ground aircraftairborne early warning and control aircraftalert aircraftall-digital aircraftall-training aircraftall-electric aircraftall-metal aircraftall-new aircraftall-out stealth aircraftall-weather aircraftamateur built aircraftamphibious aircraftantisubmarine warfare aircraftaround-the-world aircraftartificial-stability aircraftasymmetric aircraftattack aircraftattrition aircraftaugmented aircraftautomated aircraftbackside aircraftBAI aircraftbalanced aircraftbattle-damaged aircraftbattle-tolerant aircraftbattlefield aircraftbulbous-nosed aircraftbuoyant quad-rotor aircraftbush aircraftbusiness aircraftbusiness-class aircraftcalibrated pace aircraftcanard aircraftcanard controlled aircraftcanard-configured aircraftcanard-winged aircraftcargo aircraftcargo-capable aircraftcarrier aircraftcarrier-based aircraftcarrier-qualified aircraftCAS aircraftcenterstick aircraftcenterstick controlled aircraftChristmas tree aircraftclass IV aircraftclear weather reconnaissance aircraftclose-coupled canard aircraftcoated aircraftcombat air patrol aircraftcombat training aircraftcombat-damaged aircraftcombat-loaded aircraftcombi aircraftcombustible fuel aircraftcommuter aircraftcomposite material aircraftcomposite-built aircraftcomposite-wing aircraftcomputer-generated aircraftconceptual aircraftconceptual design aircraftconflicting aircraftcontrol reconfigurable aircraftcontrol-by-wire aircraftconventional tailled aircraftconventional take-off and landing aircraftconventional variable-sweep aircraftconventionally designed aircraftcorporate aircraftcounter insurgency aircraftcropspray aircraftcropspraying aircraftcruise matched aircraftcruise-designed aircraftCTOL aircraftcurrent-generation aircraftdamage tolerant aircraftday-only aircraftday/night aircraftde-iced aircraftdefence-suppression aircraftdelta-wing aircraftdemonstrator aircraftdevelopment aircraftdevelopmental aircraftdivergence prone aircraftdouble-deck aircraftdrug interdiction aircraftdrug-smuggling aircraftdual-capable aircraftducted-propeller aircraftdynamically stable aircraftdynamically unstable aircraftEarth resources research aircraftEarth resources survey aircraftejector-powered aircraftElint aircraftEMP-hardened aircraftex-airline aircraftFAC aircraftfake aircraftfan-in-wing aircraftfan-powered aircraftfirefighting aircraftfixed-cycle engine aircraftfixed-landing-gear aircraftfixed-planform aircraftfixed-wing aircraftflexible aircraftflight inspection aircraftflight loads aircraftflight refuelling aircraftflight test aircraftflightworthy aircraftfly-by-wire aircraftflying-wing aircraftforgiving aircraftforward air control aircraftforward-swept-wing aircraftfour-dimensional equipped aircraftfreely flying aircraftfreighter aircraftfriendly aircraftfront-line aircraftFSD aircraftfuel efficient aircraftfuel-hungry aircraftfull-scale aircraftfull-scale development aircraftfull-size aircraftfully-capable aircraftfully-tanked aircraftgap filler aircraftgas turbine-powered aircraftground-hugging aircraftgull-winged aircraftheavy-lift aircrafthigh-Mach aircrafthigh-alpha research aircrafthigh-cycle aircrafthigh-demand aircrafthigh-drag aircrafthigh-dynamic-pressure aircrafthigh-flying aircrafthigh-life aircrafthigh-performance aircrafthigh-speed aircrafthigh-tail aircrafthigh-technology aircrafthigh-thrust aircrafthigh-time aircrafthigh-wing aircrafthigh-winged aircrafthighest cycle aircrafthighest flight-cycle aircrafthighly agile aircrafthighly augmented aircrafthighly glazed aircrafthighly maneuverable aircrafthighly unstable aircraftholding aircrafthome-based aircrafthome-built aircrafthovering aircrafthydrocarbon-fueled aircrafthydrogen fueled aircrafthypersonic aircraftice-cloud-generating aircrafticing-research aircraftidealized aircraftIFR-equipped aircraftin-production aircraftinterrogating aircraftintratheater airlift aircraftintratheater lift aircraftintruder aircraftinventory aircraftjamming aircraftjet aircraftjet-flap aircraftjet-flapped aircraftjet-powered aircraftjet-propelled aircraftjoined-wing aircraftJTIDS aircraftjump aircraftK/s like aircraftkit-based aircraftkit-built aircraftland aircraftland-based aircraftlarge aircraftlarge-production-run aircraftlaunch aircraftlaunching aircraftlead aircraftleading aircraftleased aircraftLevel 1 aircraftlift plus lift-cruise aircraftlight aircraftlight-powered aircraftlighter-than-air aircraftlong-haul aircraftlong-winged aircraftlongitudinally unstable aircraftlook-down, shoot-down capable aircraftlow-boom aircraftlow-cost aircraftlow-observability aircraftlow-observable aircraftlow-powered aircraftlow-rate production aircraftlow-RCS aircraftlow-speed aircraftlow-time aircraftlow-to-medium speed aircraftlow-wing aircraftlow-winged aircraftlowest weight aircraftMach 2 aircraftman-powered aircraftmanned aircraftmarginally stable aircraftmechanically-controlled aircraftmechanically-signalled aircraftmedevac-equipped aircraftmicrolight aircraftmicrowave-powered aircraftmid-wing aircraftmid-winged aircraftminimum weight aircraftmission aircraftmission-ready aircraftmultibody aircraftmultimission aircraftmultipropeller aircraftmultipurpose aircraftnarrow-bodied aircraftnaturally unstable aircraftneutrally stable aircraftnew-built aircraftnew-technology aircraftnight fighting aircraftnight-capable aircraftnight-equipped aircraftnonagile aircraftnonalert aircraftnonautomated aircraft1950s-vintage aircraftnonflying test aircraftnonpressurized aircraftnonstealth aircraftnontransponder-equipped aircraftnonpropulsive-lift aircraftnortheastwardly launching aircraftnuclear-hardened aircraftnuclear-strike aircraftoblique-wing aircraftocean patrol aircraftoff-the-shelf aircraftoffensive aircraftolder-generation aircraftout-of-production aircraftoutbound aircraftpace aircraftparasol-winged aircraftparked aircraftpartial mission-capable aircraftpatrol aircraftpiston aircraftpiston-engine aircraftpiston-powered aircraftpiston-prop aircraftpivoting oblique wing aircraftpoint-design aircraftpowered-lift aircraftprecision strike aircraftprobe-equipped aircraftproduction aircraftproduction-line aircraftproof-of-concept aircraftprop-rotor aircraftpropeller aircraftpropeller-powered aircraftpropulsive-lift aircraftprototype aircraftpublic-transport aircraftpurpose-built aircraftpusher aircraftpusher-propelled aircraftquad-rotor aircraftradar test aircraftRAM-treated aircraftready aircraftrear-engined aircraftreceiving aircraftrecent-technology aircraftreconnaissance aircraftrefueling aircraftremanufactured aircraftresearch aircraftretrofit aircraftRogallo-winged aircraftrollout aircraftrotary-wing aircraftrotary-winged aircraftrotodome-equipped aircraftsafely spinnable aircraftscaled-down aircraftscaled-up aircraftscissor-wing aircraftsea-based aircraftsecond-hand aircraftself-repairing aircraftsensor-carrying aircraftshort range aircraftshort takeoff and vertical landing aircraftshort-coupled flying wing aircraftshort-haul aircraftside-inlet aircraftsideslipping aircraftsilent aircraftsingle engine aircraftsingle-pilot aircraftsingle-service aircraftsized aircraftsized optimized aircraftslender-delta aircraftSLEPed aircraftsmall-tailed aircraftsmuggler aircraftsolar-powered aircraftspecial operations aircraftspin-proof aircraftspinning aircraftstatically stable aircraftstatically unstable aircraftstealth aircraftstealthy aircraftSTOL aircraftstopped-rotor aircraftstored aircraftSTOVL aircraftstraight-tube aircraftstraight-wing aircraftstraight-winged aircraftstretched aircraftstrike aircraftstrike-control aircraftsub-scale aircraftsubmarine communications relay aircraftsunken aircraftsuperaugmented aircraftsupersonic cruise aircraftsupportable aircraftsurveillance aircraftswing-wing aircraftT-tail aircrafttactical aircrafttactical-type aircrafttail-aft aircrafttail-first aircrafttailless aircrafttailwheel aircrafttandem-seat aircrafttandem-wing aircrafttarget-towing aircraftTCAS-equipped aircrafttest aircraftthreat aircraftthree-pilot aircraftthree-surface aircraftthrust-vector-control aircrafttilt-fold-rotor aircrafttilt-proprotor aircrafttilt-rotor aircrafttilt-wing aircrafttop-of-the-range aircrafttrailing aircrafttrainer cargo aircrafttrajectory stable aircrafttransoceanic-capable aircrafttransonic aircrafttransonic maneuvering aircrafttransport aircrafttransport-size aircrafttrimmed aircrafttrisurface aircrafttug aircraftturbine-powered aircraftturboprop aircraftturbopropeller aircraftTVC aircrafttwin-aisle aircrafttwin-engined aircrafttwin-fuselage aircrafttwin-jet aircrafttwin-tailed aircrafttwin-turboprop aircrafttwo-aircrew aircrafttwo-crew aircrafttwo-pilot aircrafttwo-place aircraftultrahigh-bypass demonstrator aircraftultralight aircraftundesignated aircraftunpressurized aircraftunslatted aircraftutility aircraftV/STOL aircraftvariable-stability aircraftVATOL aircraftvector thrust controlled aircraftvectored aircraftvectored thrust aircraftversatile aircraftvertical attitude takeoff and landing aircraftVFR aircraftviolently maneuvering aircraftVTOL aircraftwater tanker aircraftweapons-delivery test aircraftweight-shift aircraftwell-behaved aircraftwide-body aircraftwing-in-ground effect aircraftX aircraftX-series aircraftX-wing aircraftyaw-vane-equipped aircraft -
12 aircraft
воздушное судно [суда], атмосферный летательный аппарат [аппараты]; самолёт (ы) ; вертолёты); авиация; авиационный; см. тж. airplane, boostaircraft in the barrier — самолёт, задержанный аварийной (аэродромной) тормозной установкой
aircraft off the line — новый [только что построенный] ЛА
B through F aircraft — самолёты модификаций B, C, D, E и F
carrier(-based, -borne) aircraft — палубный ЛА; авианосная авиация
conventional takeoff and landing aircraft — самолёт с обычными взлетом и посадкой (в отличие от укороченного или вертикального)
keep the aircraft (headed) straight — выдерживать направление полёта ЛА (при выполнении маневра); сохранять прямолинейный полет ЛА
keep the aircraft stalled — сохранять режим срыва [сваливания] самолёта, оставлять самолёт в режиме срыва [сваливания]
nearly wing borne aircraft — верт. ЛА в конце режима перехода к горизонтальному полёту
pull the aircraft off the deck — разг. отрывать ЛА от земли (при взлете)
put the aircraft nose-up — переводить [вводить] ЛА на кабрирование [в режим кабрирования]
put the aircraft through its paces — определять предельные возможности ЛА, «выжимать все из ЛА»
reduced takeoff and landing aircraft — самолёт укороченного взлета и посадки (с укороченным разбегом и пробегом)
rocket(-powered, -propelled) aircraft — ракетный ЛА, ЛА с ракетным двигателем
roll the aircraft into a bank — вводить ЛА в крен, накренять ЛА
rotate the aircraft into the climb — увеличивать угол тангажа ЛА для перехода к набору высоты, переводить ЛА в набор высоты
short takeoff and landing aircraft — самолёт короткого взлета и посадки (с коротким разбегом и пробегом)
single vertical tail aircraft — ЛА с одинарным [центральным] вертикальным оперением
strategic(-mission, -purpose) aircraft — ЛА стратегического назначения; стратегический самолёт
take the aircraft throughout its entire envelope — пилотировать ЛА во всем диапазоне полётных режимов
trim the aircraft to fly hands-and-feet off — балансировать самолёт для полёта с брошенным управлением [с брошенными ручкой и педалями]
turbofan(-engined, -powered) aircraft — ЛА с турбовентиляторными двигателями, ЛА с ТРДД
turbojet(-powered, -propelled) aircraft — ЛА с ТРД
undergraduate navigator training aircraft — учебно-тренировочный самолёт для повышенной лётной подготовки штурманов
water(-based, takeoff and landing) aircraft — гидросамолёт
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13 angle
угол; уголковый профиль, уголокangle for neutral stability — угол атаки, соответствующий нейтральной устойчивости
angle of chordwise incidence — Бр. проекция угла атаки на плоскость симметрии самолёта (при боковом скольжении)
angle of resultant momentum — ркт. угол отклонения вектора результирующего количества движения (пересекающихся струй)
angle of streamwise incidence — Бр. действительный угол атаки (измеренный в направлении невозмущённого потока)
best lift/drag ratio angle of attack — наивыгоднейший угол атаки, угол атаки при максимальном качестве
dead angle of fire — мертвый [непростреливаемый] сектор [пространства]
downwash angle at the tail — угол скоса потока у оперения [стабилизатора]
fin angle of incidence — Бр. угол атаки киля
net angle of attack — эффективный [результирующий] угол атаки
seeker angle of view — угол зрения головки самонаведения [координатора цели]
terminal (flight path) angle — ркт. угол наклона траектории полёта на конечном участке
vane angle of attack — угол атаки флюгарки; угол атаки, измеренный флюгерным датчиком
wing stall angle (of attack) — критический [срывной] угол атаки крыла
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14 panel
панель; распределительная доска [щит]; приборная доска; консоль ( крыла) ; клин ( полотнища парашютного купола) ; сигнальное полотнище; комиссия, рабочая группаa.c. power panel — щиток управления электросистемой переменного тока
d.c. power panel — щиток управления электросистемой постоянного тока
emergency flotation gear panel — верт. панель аварийных средств обеспечения плавучести
essential services circuit breaker panel — эл. щиток автоматов защиты важнейших потребителей
first officer's instrument panel — приборная доска [панель] второго лётчика [пилота]
hat section stiffened panel — панель, подкрепленная корытообразным профилем
navigation function selector panel — щиток переключения видов [режимов] работы навигационных средств
navigation mode selector panel — щиток переключения видов [режимов] работы навигационных средств
rack cartridge ground test panel — щиток наземной проверки пиропатронов. подвески
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15 test
испытание, проба, исследование, см. тж. testing, trials; испытывать, пробовать; исследоватьacceptable environmental range test — испытание для определения диапазона допустимых изменений условий окружающей среды
jolt and jumble test — разг. испытание на удар и вибрацию
partial climb flight tests — лётные испытания «на зубцы»
single engine stall tests — испытания на срыв [сваливание] с одним работающим двигателем
supercharged CFR engine test — оценка детонационной стойкости (авиационных бензинов) на одноцилиндровой установке CFR
water(-flow, -impingement) test — холодная проливка (ракетного двигателя)
— air test— bed test— hot test— jet test -
16 operation
операция; кампания; боевые [военные] действия; бой; сражение; эксплуатация; обслуживание; работа; pl. оперативное управление [отдел, отделение]; см. тж. action, battle, combatcounter C3 operation — операция [действия] против систем руководства, управления и связи [оперативного управления и связи]
counternaval forces naval operation (in closed or open offshore areas) — морская операция по разгрому ВМС противника (в закрытых или прилегающих к побережью открытых морских районах)
— breaching operation— exploitation-type operation— guarding security operations— missile operations— tactical operations— urban ized operations* * * -
17 area
площадь; участок; пространство; область, район, зона; поверхность"gold-plated" area of instrument panel — наиболее легко обозреваемый (лётчиком) участок приборной доски
area of high pressure — метео. область высокого давления, антициклон
area of low pressure — метео. область низкого давления, циклон
assembly and test area — ркт. сборочно-проверочная площадка
booster (engine) disposal area — район сброса [падения] стартовых двигателей [ускорителей]
booster (engine) impact area — район сброса [падения] стартовых двигателей [ускорителей]
disc area of main rotor — верт. площадь диска несущего винта
exhaust jet area — площадь выходного сечения сопла; площадь сечения струи истекающих газов
floor area between the ramps — площадь пола грузовой кабины между (передним и задним) грузовыми трапами
guidance and control area — ркт. площадка управления пуском и наведением
— fin area— VFR area -
18 simulator
моделирующая установка; имитатор; тренажерcombat aircrew rescue simulator — имитатор процессов спасения членов экипажа ЛА, получившего повреждение в боевой обстановке
three-axis satellite motion simulator — установка для моделирования пространственного движения спутника
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19 near cash
!гос. фин. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.This paper provides background information on the framework for the planning and control of public expenditure in the UK which has been operated since the 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR). It sets out the different classifications of spending for budgeting purposes and why these distinctions have been adopted. It discusses how the public expenditure framework is designed to ensure both sound public finances and an outcome-focused approach to public expenditure.The UK's public spending framework is based on several key principles:"consistency with a long-term, prudent and transparent regime for managing the public finances as a whole;" "the judgement of success by policy outcomes rather than resource inputs;" "strong incentives for departments and their partners in service delivery to plan over several years and plan together where appropriate so as to deliver better public services with greater cost effectiveness; and"the proper costing and management of capital assets to provide the right incentives for public investment.The Government sets policy to meet two firm fiscal rules:"the Golden Rule states that over the economic cycle, the Government will borrow only to invest and not to fund current spending; and"the Sustainable Investment Rule states that net public debt as a proportion of GDP will be held over the economic cycle at a stable and prudent level. Other things being equal, net debt will be maintained below 40 per cent of GDP over the economic cycle.Achievement of the fiscal rules is assessed by reference to the national accounts, which are produced by the Office for National Statistics, acting as an independent agency. The Government sets its spending envelope to comply with these fiscal rules.Departmental Expenditure Limits ( DEL) and Annually Managed Expenditure (AME)"Departmental Expenditure Limit ( DEL) spending, which is planned and controlled on a three year basis in Spending Reviews; and"Annually Managed Expenditure ( AME), which is expenditure which cannot reasonably be subject to firm, multi-year limits in the same way as DEL. AME includes social security benefits, local authority self-financed expenditure, debt interest, and payments to EU institutions.More information about DEL and AME is set out below.In Spending Reviews, firm DEL plans are set for departments for three years. To ensure consistency with the Government's fiscal rules departments are set separate resource (current) and capital budgets. The resource budget contains a separate control total for “near cash” expenditure, that is expenditure such as pay and current grants which impacts directly on the measure of the golden rule.To encourage departments to plan over the medium term departments may carry forward unspent DEL provision from one year into the next and, subject to the normal tests for tautness and realism of plans, may be drawn down in future years. This end-year flexibility also removes any incentive for departments to use up their provision as the year end approaches with less regard to value for money. For the full benefits of this flexibility and of three year plans to feed through into improved public service delivery, end-year flexibility and three year budgets should be cascaded from departments to executive agencies and other budget holders.Three year budgets and end-year flexibility give those managing public services the stability to plan their operations on a sensible time scale. Further, the system means that departments cannot seek to bid up funds each year (before 1997, three year plans were set and reviewed in annual Public Expenditure Surveys). So the credibility of medium-term plans has been enhanced at both central and departmental level.Departments have certainty over the budgetary allocation over the medium term and these multi-year DEL plans are strictly enforced. Departments are expected to prioritise competing pressures and fund these within their overall annual limits, as set in Spending Reviews. So the DEL system provides a strong incentive to control costs and maximise value for money.There is a small centrally held DEL Reserve. Support from the Reserve is available only for genuinely unforeseeable contingencies which departments cannot be expected to manage within their DEL.AME typically consists of programmes which are large, volatile and demand-led, and which therefore cannot reasonably be subject to firm multi-year limits. The biggest single element is social security spending. Other items include tax credits, Local Authority Self Financed Expenditure, Scottish Executive spending financed by non-domestic rates, and spending financed from the proceeds of the National Lottery.AME is reviewed twice a year as part of the Budget and Pre-Budget Report process reflecting the close integration of the tax and benefit system, which was enhanced by the introduction of tax credits.AME is not subject to the same three year expenditure limits as DEL, but is still part of the overall envelope for public expenditure. Affordability is taken into account when policy decisions affecting AME are made. The Government has committed itself not to take policy measures which are likely to have the effect of increasing social security or other elements of AME without taking steps to ensure that the effects of those decisions can be accommodated prudently within the Government's fiscal rules.Given an overall envelope for public spending, forecasts of AME affect the level of resources available for DEL spending. Cautious estimates and the AME margin are built in to these AME forecasts and reduce the risk of overspending on AME.Together, DEL plus AME sum to Total Managed Expenditure (TME). TME is a measure drawn from national accounts. It represents the current and capital spending of the public sector. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and public corporations.Resource and Capital Budgets are set in terms of accruals information. Accruals information measures resources as they are consumed rather than when the cash is paid. So for example the Resource Budget includes a charge for depreciation, a measure of the consumption or wearing out of capital assets."Non cash charges in budgets do not impact directly on the fiscal framework. That may be because the national accounts use a different way of measuring the same thing, for example in the case of the depreciation of departmental assets. Or it may be that the national accounts measure something different: for example, resource budgets include a cost of capital charge reflecting the opportunity cost of holding capital; the national accounts include debt interest."Within the Resource Budget DEL, departments have separate controls on:"Near cash spending, the sub set of Resource Budgets which impacts directly on the Golden Rule; and"The amount of their Resource Budget DEL that departments may spend on running themselves (e.g. paying most civil servants’ salaries) is limited by Administration Budgets, which are set in Spending Reviews. Administration Budgets are used to ensure that as much money as practicable is available for front line services and programmes. These budgets also help to drive efficiency improvements in departments’ own activities. Administration Budgets exclude the costs of frontline services delivered directly by departments.The Budget preceding a Spending Review sets an overall envelope for public spending that is consistent with the fiscal rules for the period covered by the Spending Review. In the Spending Review, the Budget AME forecast for year one of the Spending Review period is updated, and AME forecasts are made for the later years of the Spending Review period.The 1998 Comprehensive Spending Review ( CSR), which was published in July 1998, was a comprehensive review of departmental aims and objectives alongside a zero-based analysis of each spending programme to determine the best way of delivering the Government's objectives. The 1998 CSR allocated substantial additional resources to the Government's key priorities, particularly education and health, for the three year period from 1999-2000 to 2001-02.Delivering better public services does not just depend on how much money the Government spends, but also on how well it spends it. Therefore the 1998 CSR introduced Public Service Agreements (PSAs). Each major government department was given its own PSA setting out clear targets for achievements in terms of public service improvements.The 1998 CSR also introduced the DEL/ AME framework for the control of public spending, and made other framework changes. Building on the investment and reforms delivered by the 1998 CSR, successive spending reviews in 2000, 2002 and 2004 have:"provided significant increase in resources for the Government’s priorities, in particular health and education, and cross-cutting themes such as raising productivity; extending opportunity; and building strong and secure communities;" "enabled the Government significantly to increase investment in public assets and address the legacy of under investment from past decades. Departmental Investment Strategies were introduced in SR2000. As a result there has been a steady increase in public sector net investment from less than ¾ of a per cent of GDP in 1997-98 to 2¼ per cent of GDP in 2005-06, providing better infrastructure across public services;" "introduced further refinements to the performance management framework. PSA targets have been reduced in number over successive spending reviews from around 300 to 110 to give greater focus to the Government’s highest priorities. The targets have become increasingly outcome-focused to deliver further improvements in key areas of public service delivery across Government. They have also been refined in line with the conclusions of the Devolving Decision Making Review to provide a framework which encourages greater devolution and local flexibility. Technical Notes were introduced in SR2000 explaining how performance against each PSA target will be measured; and"not only allocated near cash spending to departments, but also – since SR2002 - set Resource DEL plans for non cash spending.To identify what further investments and reforms are needed to equip the UK for the global challenges of the decade ahead, on 19 July 2005 the Chief Secretary to the Treasury announced that the Government intends to launch a second Comprehensive Spending Review (CSR) reporting in 2007.A decade on from the first CSR, the 2007 CSR will represent a long-term and fundamental review of government expenditure. It will cover departmental allocations for 2008-09, 2009-10 and 2010 11. Allocations for 2007-08 will be held to the agreed figures already announced by the 2004 Spending Review. To provide a rigorous analytical framework for these departmental allocations, the Government will be taking forward a programme of preparatory work over 2006 involving:"an assessment of what the sustained increases in spending and reforms to public service delivery have achieved since the first CSR. The assessment will inform the setting of new objectives for the decade ahead;" "an examination of the key long-term trends and challenges that will shape the next decade – including demographic and socio-economic change, globalisation, climate and environmental change, global insecurity and technological change – together with an assessment of how public services will need to respond;" "to release the resources needed to address these challenges, and to continue to secure maximum value for money from public spending over the CSR period, a set of zero-based reviews of departments’ baseline expenditure to assess its effectiveness in delivering the Government’s long-term objectives; together with"further development of the efficiency programme, building on the cross cutting areas identified in the Gershon Review, to embed and extend ongoing efficiency savings into departmental expenditure planning.The 2007 CSR also offers the opportunity to continue to refine the PSA framework so that it drives effective delivery and the attainment of ambitious national standards.Public Service Agreements (PSAs) were introduced in the 1998 CSR. They set out agreed targets detailing the outputs and outcomes departments are expected to deliver with the resources allocated to them. The new spending regime places a strong emphasis on outcome targets, for example in providing for better health and higher educational standards or service standards. The introduction in SR2004 of PSA ‘standards’ will ensure that high standards in priority areas are maintained.The Government monitors progress against PSA targets, and departments report in detail twice a year in their annual Departmental Reports (published in spring) and in their autumn performance reports. These reports provide Parliament and the public with regular updates on departments’ performance against their targets.Technical Notes explain how performance against each PSA target will be measured.To make the most of both new investment and existing assets, there needs to be a coherent long term strategy against which investment decisions are taken. Departmental Investment Strategies (DIS) set out each department's plans to deliver the scale and quality of capital stock needed to underpin its objectives. The DIS includes information about the department's existing capital stock and future plans for that stock, as well as plans for new investment. It also sets out the systems that the department has in place to ensure that it delivers its capital programmes effectively.This document was updated on 19 December 2005.Near-cash resource expenditure that has a related cash implication, even though the timing of the cash payment may be slightly different. For example, expenditure on gas or electricity supply is incurred as the fuel is used, though the cash payment might be made in arrears on aquarterly basis. Other examples of near-cash expenditure are: pay, rental.Net cash requirement the upper limit agreed by Parliament on the cash which a department may draw from theConsolidated Fund to finance the expenditure within the ambit of its Request forResources. It is equal to the agreed amount of net resources and net capital less non-cashitems and working capital.Non-cash cost costs where there is no cash transaction but which are included in a body’s accounts (or taken into account in charging for a service) to establish the true cost of all the resourcesused.Non-departmental a body which has a role in the processes of government, but is not a government public body, NDPBdepartment or part of one. NDPBs accordingly operate at arm’s length from governmentMinisters.Notional cost of a cost which is taken into account in setting fees and charges to improve comparability with insuranceprivate sector service providers.The charge takes account of the fact that public bodies donot generally pay an insurance premium to a commercial insurer.the independent body responsible for collecting and publishing official statistics about theUK’s society and economy. (At the time of going to print legislation was progressing tochange this body to the Statistics Board).Office of Government an office of the Treasury, with a status similar to that of an agency, which aims to maximise Commerce, OGCthe government’s purchasing power for routine items and combine professional expertiseto bear on capital projects.Office of the the government department responsible for discharging the Paymaster General’s statutoryPaymaster General,responsibilities to hold accounts and make payments for government departments and OPGother public bodies.Orange bookthe informal title for Management of Risks: Principles and Concepts, which is published by theTreasury for the guidance of public sector bodies.Office for NationalStatistics, ONS60Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————"GLOSSARYOverdraftan account with a negative balance.Parliament’s formal agreement to authorise an activity or expenditure.Prerogative powerspowers exercisable under the Royal Prerogative, ie powers which are unique to the Crown,as contrasted with common-law powers which may be available to the Crown on the samebasis as to natural persons.Primary legislationActs which have been passed by the Westminster Parliament and, where they haveappropriate powers, the Scottish Parliament and the Northern Ireland Assembly. Begin asBills until they have received Royal Assent.arrangements under which a public sector organisation contracts with a private sectorentity to construct a facility and provide associated services of a specified quality over asustained period. See annex 7.5.Proprietythe principle that patterns of resource consumption should respect Parliament’s intentions,conventions and control procedures, including any laid down by the PAC. See box 2.4.Public Accountssee Committee of Public Accounts.CommitteePublic corporationa trading body controlled by central government, local authority or other publiccorporation that has substantial day to day operating independence. See section 7.8.Public Dividend finance provided by government to public sector bodies as an equity stake; an alternative to Capital, PDCloan finance.Public Service sets out what the public can expect the government to deliver with its resources. EveryAgreement, PSAlarge government department has PSA(s) which specify deliverables as targets or aimsrelated to objectives.a structured arrangement between a public sector and a private sector organisation tosecure an outcome delivering good value for money for the public sector. It is classified tothe public or private sector according to which has more control.Rate of returnthe financial remuneration delivered by a particular project or enterprise, expressed as apercentage of the net assets employed.Regularitythe principle that resource consumption should accord with the relevant legislation, therelevant delegated authority and this document. See box 2.4.Request for the functional level into which departmental Estimates may be split. RfRs contain a number Resources, RfRof functions being carried out by the department in pursuit of one or more of thatdepartment’s objectives.Resource accountan accruals account produced in line with the Financial Reporting Manual (FReM).Resource accountingthe system under which budgets, Estimates and accounts are constructed in a similar wayto commercial audited accounts, so that both plans and records of expenditure allow in fullfor the goods and services which are to be, or have been, consumed – ie not just the cashexpended.Resource budgetthe means by which the government plans and controls the expenditure of resources tomeet its objectives.Restitutiona legal concept which allows money and property to be returned to its rightful owner. Ittypically operates where another person can be said to have been unjustly enriched byreceiving such monies.Return on capital the ratio of profit to capital employed of an accounting entity during an identified period.employed, ROCEVarious measures of profit and of capital employed may be used in calculating the ratio.Public Privatepartnership, PPPPrivate Finance Initiative, PFIParliamentaryauthority61Managing Public Money"————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARYRoyal charterthe document setting out the powers and constitution of a corporation established underprerogative power of the monarch acting on Privy Council advice.Second readingthe second formal time that a House of Parliament may debate a bill, although in practicethe first substantive debate on its content. If successful, it is deemed to denoteParliamentary approval of the principle of the proposed legislation.Secondary legislationlaws, including orders and regulations, which are made using powers in primary legislation.Normally used to set out technical and administrative provision in greater detail thanprimary legislation, they are subject to a less intense level of scrutiny in Parliament.European legislation is,however,often implemented in secondary legislation using powers inthe European Communities Act 1972.Service-level agreement between parties, setting out in detail the level of service to be performed.agreementWhere agreements are between central government bodies, they are not legally a contractbut have a similar function.Shareholder Executive a body created to improve the government’s performance as a shareholder in businesses.Spending reviewsets out the key improvements in public services that the public can expect over a givenperiod. It includes a thorough review of departmental aims and objectives to find the bestway of delivering the government’s objectives, and sets out the spending plans for the givenperiod.State aidstate support for a domestic body or company which could distort EU competition and sois not usually allowed. See annex 4.9.Statement of Excessa formal statement detailing departments’ overspends prepared by the Comptroller andAuditor General as a result of undertaking annual audits.Statement on Internal an annual statement that Accounting Officers are required to make as part of the accounts Control, SICon a range of risk and control issues.Subheadindividual elements of departmental expenditure identifiable in Estimates as single cells, forexample cell A1 being administration costs within a particular line of departmental spending.Supplyresources voted by Parliament in response to Estimates, for expenditure by governmentdepartments.Supply Estimatesa statement of the resources the government needs in the coming financial year, and forwhat purpose(s), by which Parliamentary authority is sought for the planned level ofexpenditure and income.Target rate of returnthe rate of return required of a project or enterprise over a given period, usually at least a year.Third sectorprivate sector bodies which do not act commercially,including charities,social and voluntaryorganisations and other not-for-profit collectives. See annex 7.7.Total Managed a Treasury budgeting term which covers all current and capital spending carried out by the Expenditure,TMEpublic sector (ie not just by central departments).Trading fundan organisation (either within a government department or forming one) which is largely orwholly financed from commercial revenue generated by its activities. Its Estimate shows itsnet impact, allowing its income from receipts to be devoted entirely to its business.Treasury Minutea formal administrative document drawn up by the Treasury, which may serve a wide varietyof purposes including seeking Parliamentary approval for the use of receipts asappropriations in aid, a remission of some or all of the principal of voted loans, andresponding on behalf of the government to reports by the Public Accounts Committee(PAC).62Managing Public Money————————————————————————————————————————GLOSSARY63Managing Public MoneyValue for moneythe process under which organisation’s procurement, projects and processes aresystematically evaluated and assessed to provide confidence about suitability, effectiveness,prudence,quality,value and avoidance of error and other waste,judged for the public sectoras a whole.Virementthe process through which funds are moved between subheads such that additionalexpenditure on one is met by savings on one or more others.Votethe process by which Parliament approves funds in response to supply Estimates.Voted expenditureprovision for expenditure that has been authorised by Parliament. Parliament ‘votes’authority for public expenditure through the Supply Estimates process. Most expenditureby central government departments is authorised in this way.Wider market activity activities undertaken by central government organisations outside their statutory duties,using spare capacity and aimed at generating a commercial profit. See annex 7.6.Windfallmonies received by a department which were not anticipated in the spending review.———————————————————————————————————————— -
20 LTS
1) Общая лексика: Learning and Teaching Scotland2) Компьютерная техника: Language Tag System3) Военный термин: Location Targeting System, laboratory test set, laser tracking system4) Техника: License Tracking System, Licensing Tracking System, laser technology satellite, launch telemetry stations, liftoff transmission subsystem, logic test system5) Шутливое выражение: Long Tall Sally6) Математика: линейное топологическое пространство (linear topological space)7) Религия: Life's Too Short8) Автомобильный термин: low coolant switch9) Металлургия: стенд внепечной обработки (ladle treatment station)10) Оптика: laser thermal simulation, laser-triggered switch11) Сокращение: LAS Tactical Switch, Laser Training System, Link Translator System, Low frequency Transmit Subsystem, long-term survivor, lights (огни)12) Университет: London Theological Seminary, Lutheran Teachers Seminary13) Электроника: Low Temperature Superconductor14) Вычислительная техника: долговременная поддержка (характеристика версии программного обеспечения)15) Нефть: unit low-temperature separator unit16) Экология: land treatment system17) Деловая лексика: Leadership Training Service18) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: низкотемпературная сепарация (low temperature separation)19) Сахалин Р: low temperature separation20) Сахалин Ю: low temperature separator21) Кабельные производство: low-temperature superconductor22) Карачаганак: длительная консервация (скважины) (long-term suspension)23) Электротехника: long-term stability24) Аэропорты: Altus, Oklahoma USA25) Программное обеспечение: Lot Tracking System26) AMEX. Merrill Lynch & Company, Inc.
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